Human responsibility
of culture
China and Malaysia are two
important countries in Asia, they have very good economic exchanges and
contacts. Have long been towards common prosperity and common progress of
development goals. Because there are a lot of Chinese in Malaysia, so the
relationship between the two countries special harmony. In spite of this, there
are many diplomatic friction between the two countries, will inevitably
encounter some obstacles, because there is no two identical leaves in the
world, let alone two powers, of course there will be more and more cultural
differences, different language, different customs, different culture. But as
an international student, I have the obligations and responsibilities to slowly
dissolve so that friction.
Introduction to China
Chinese meaning is: "with
Chinese civilization as the main body, as the birthplace of the central plains
of China nation", is located in the east Asia, on the basis of Chinese
culture, the han nationality as the main population of a country, the common
Chinese. Within the Chinese territory of each ethnic collectively known as the
Chinese nation, which is also called Chinese or Chinese. With China is the only
official record of the history of the country. Dating back about 4000 years
ago, the central plains area centered settlement organization, in turn, into
countries and dynasty, began to appear after after many times evolution and
dynasty changes, duration long dynasties of xia, shang, zhou, han, jin, tang,
song, yuan, Ming and qing, etc. Continuously in the history of Chinese dynasty
and the northern nomadic people exchanges, and many ethnic harmony and become
the Chinese nation. After the xinhai revolution in the early 20th century,
China's monarchy history, replaced by a republic. After the founding of the
People's Republic of China in 1949, established the people's congress system in
mainland China's regime. China has a glorious history and culture, traditional
art forms such as opera, calligraphy and Chinese painting, the Spring Festival,
the lantern, the tomb-sweeping day, dragon-boat festival and the Mid-Autumn
festival, double ninth for the traditional festival.
Brief introduction of Malaysia
Malaysia, Malaysia for short, is
a country of southeast Asia. On August 31, 1957. The country consists of thirteen
states and three federal system composed of distrito federal countries. Malaysia is divided into two
parts: one is located in the Malay peninsula west Malaysia, the other is a east
Malaysia. To Kuala Lumpur, capital of the political center is located in the
city. A constitutional monarchy federalism. Malaysia is also a founding member
of the association of southeast Asian nations. Is also Indian association for
regional cooperation, Asia Pacific economic cooperation organization, member of
the commonwealth, etc., Malaysia is a relatively open on national interests as
the guidance of the economic system, become a striking diversity emerging
industrial countries in Asia and emerging market economies in the world.
Tourism has become Malaysia's third-largest source of foreign income, service
industry also in synchronous expansion of knowledge economy. Malaysia has
Asia's best economic record.
The culture of China
Spoken and written
language
Chinese is a language spoken by
the largest number of people in China, also is the language spoken by the
largest number of people in the world.
The modern Chinese language or
dialect. In Beijing mandarin as the standard, on the basis of shanghaiese dialect,
a model of modern Chinese work for grammar specification. On October 31, 2000,
promulgated by the state general language law of the People's Republic of China
determine the mandarin as the national common language. Chinese dialects are
usually divided into seven dialects: northern dialect, Wu Fangyan,
XiangFangYan, GanFangYan, YueFangYan, fujian dialect and hakka dialect. All the
area distribution in several power and many kinds of dialect. The northern
dialect spoken by the largest number of people is divided into north, northwest
region, southwest mandarin, XiaJiang four times dialect of mandarin. Chinese
characters is to record the Chinese words, has a history of 6000 years or so.
We use Chinese characters gradually evolved from the ancient. Chinese
characters is the han nationality common use, some people also have full use of
Chinese, and Chinese characters are the ethnic common words. Since the 20th
century 50 s, the state of current Chinese characters and simplified,
formulated released the first batch of di arrangement form ",
"Chinese simplified solution" the simplified characters promulgated
the total table of the modern Chinese commonly used table of "modern
Chinese TongYongZi table", etc. Standard. On October 31, 2000, promulgated
by the state general language law of the People's Republic of China to
determine the standard Chinese national language. Specification refers to
through sorting the simplified Chinese characters and undigested simplified
words. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, there are 21
minorities have their own words. After the founding of the People's Republic of
China, the government has for strong, buie, yi, miao, hani, Su Su, naxi, dong,
wa, li and other nationalities developed language. From the perspective of the
system and letters form of text, the text intends to sound of Chinese words,
syllables, words, and ancient Indian letters alphabet system, HuiGu characters,
the Arab letters, square shape, letters, Latin, Cyrillic letters, forms, etc. On February 11, 1958, the first
session of the National People's Congress the fifth meeting passed a resolution
published "Chinese pinyin plan". The national common language of the
People's Republic of China law provisions of national common language to
"Chinese pinyin plan" as the tool of spelling and phonetic notation. "Chinese
pinyin program" is spelling Chinese place names, names of characters and
Chinese literature, such as the international standard.
ritual
Confucianism
tradition, men twenty years old crown ceremony, word, women's hair pinning
ceremony, for adults. Right existed as early at the helm of national politics,
many early salute. Zhou Wenwang twelve and crown, crown king into a 15 years
old. Japan since modern times referred to as adult. Follow six wedding ceremony
in China, namely natrium, ask name, Mr Najib, welcomed, please issue, close.
Ask mining is proposed, called to ask the girl's name, nagy for divination a
birth horoscope are appropriate, want to pay the bride price, please issue to
determine procession date, close to meet to meet the bride. Made in China
following the mourning and funeral etiquette, main show is PiMaDaiXiao,
necromancy and so on etiquette. 2 funerals, the longer the performance of the
respect and love for the family. In ancient times, still need to hold one
hundred days of mourning after the funeral, and in the next one to three years,
in the home not to marry.
According to the Confucianism
classic, han Chinese ancestor worship, worship the sun, stars, shrines,
mountains, big nuo.
music
Since the neolithic China
appears the bone flute, is currently the world's oldest known wind instrument.
Chinese traditional music is in the central plains music, four domain
communication fusion of music and foreign music form, including the folk music,
the music, religious music, court music and other categories. Chinese
traditional music has distinct characteristics. Commonly used instruments
guzheng, such as piano, flute, melody in the palace, shang, horn,
characteristics, sound is based. Chinese traditional dance has a long history,
embodies the Chinese traditional culture and aesthetics, but also has a close
relationship and martial arts, acrobatics and drama. Opera is the stage of
Chinese traditional art, a combination of singing read do play show a variety
of ways, including Beijing Opera, henan opera has been innovating, hebei
bangzi, qinqiang or PingJu, cantonese opera, yue opera, kunqu opera, huangmei
opera, chao-ju, JinJu, opera, and many other performances.
painting
Chinese
painting in China is called the traditional Chinese painting, mainly, soft pen
or finger with the writing brush, ink and Chinese painting color in silks or
painted on rice paper.
According to the content can be
divided into flower and-bird painting, landscape painting and Chinese painting
figure painting; According to the technique can be divided into claborate-style
painting, xieyi painting, ChongCaiHua, ink painting, uncluttered paintings,
murals, paintings; According to the artistic level can be divided into figurative
painting and abstract painting, etc. Is good at Chinese painting freehand
brushwork in traditional Chinese painting, it focuses on forms don't like to
emphasize the importance of observation summary not emphasize site copy, don't
use a scatter perspective focus perspective, attaches great importance to the
artistic conception not value.
dress
Hanfu, namely, China national
dress, also known as han, han outfit, well-dressed, tang suit, acceded to the
throne from the yellow emperor to Ming this nearly four thousand years, on the
basis of the han nationality culture etiquette, as by all previous dynasties
han dynasty respected rites, heaven to and form the unique Chinese cultural
style and character, significantly different from other traditional ethnic
clothing clothing system. Hanfu is one of the world's oldest national costumes,
is the han nationality tradition four thousand years of traditional national
costumes, in Confucianism the bible, the book of songs "history",
"rites", "rites", "I ching", the spring and
autumn annals, history of datang "kai yuan li" and other classics
subset on the basis of inherited the etiquette culture, embodies the national
characteristics of han one thousand unchanged, and affect the whole of the han
culture through rites and the Chinese legal system. Japan, Korea, Vietnam, have
enacted laws to follow China's champions league system. Until after entering
the 1645 years of the qing, dourgen issued shaving an edict requiring all
people must shave hair dressing, so in the next hundred years han man basically
to switch to the on the basis of the manchu clothing apparel, after modified
after the xinhai revolution, there was a time when a man fashionable sun
yat-sen from nanyang Chinese restructuring Chinese tunic suit and women dressed
in cheongsam, derived from manchu clothing popular current Chinese clothes
gradually converge with the western countries. Hanfu revival in recent years
has become a new generation of restore to the han nationality traditional
sport. At the same time, the different Chinese ethnic groups tend to have their
own unique national costume.
Malaysia's government
Constitutional monarchy. Due to
historical reasons, sarawak and sabah has greater autonomy.
Malaysia's head of state called
the supreme head of state and the government by the congress party or biggest
union leaders led by prime minister, the political system is inherited from the
British Westminster system. Rulers meeting from johor, pahang, selangor,
meilan, knight, deng jia floor, kelantan, kedah, glass hereditary sultan and
nine states to the city of malacca, penang, sand drawing more, sabah in the
four states of heads of state. Its function is highest in nine hereditary
sultan in turn elected head of state and deputy supreme head of state; Review
and promulgate national laws and regulations; Have final decisions on Islam
problem on a nationwide scale; Review related to ethnic malays and sabah, sand
the privileged status of indigenous peoples and other major issues. Without the
consent of the meeting, and may not by any law rulers of privileged status.
Prime minister and state secretary of state, chief secretary to assist meeting.
The ruling coalition, led by the
party, the national front's long, Malay accounted for political dominance, political
stability. In 1997 southeast Asian financial crisis, and anwar events have
political impact on horses. 1999 tenth national election, although the array to
continue more than two-thirds of congressional seats, but approval rating fell
in Malay; Rising opposition islamic party forces in kelantan and deng jia
building two states in power. After "9 · 11
incident", the islamic party's extreme religious questioned, passive
situation. 's win in three places in a by-election, enhance cohesion,
consolidated ruling status. On October 31, 2003, mahathir bin mohamad stepped
down as party and government, deputy prime minister abdullah badawi took over
as prime minister and the President of the array, umno and regime transition.
Badawi continue established mahathir's internal and external policies, and
strengthen government agency consolidation and the cultivation of clean
government, stressed that all the people share the achievements of political
power and economic development, and support a widespread welcome. In March
2004, Malaysia's 11th national general election ahead of schedule, 'a best
record in the previous election, won 219 seats in congress in 199 and 199 seats
in the 452 - seat state. Abdullah's prime minister, leading to further
consolidate. In 2005 and 2006, Malaysia's political situation remained stable,
the barisan nasional ruling on a firm footing. Malaysia's united malays
national organization, the new President on April 3, 2009 was sworn in as
Malaysia's prime minister. In March 2008, the 12th general election in
Malaysia, staged a political tsunami, the opposition people's justice party,
the democratic action party (pan) and islamic party every fall 5 state, at the
same time also won 82 seats in parliament, crushing nasional 2/3 majority
advantage for many years.
The constitution
Malaysian constitution,
promulgated in 1957 after Malaysia was founded in 1963 to continue, changed its
name to the federal constitution of Malaysia, after revised many times.
Constitution, supreme head of state is head of state, Islam leader and armed
forces commander, elected by rulers meeting, a five-year term. Supreme head of
state has the supreme legislative, judicial and administrative power, and the
power to appoint the prime minister, refused to dissolve parliament, etc. In
March 1993, a horse through amendments to the constitution, parliament is
cancelled states Sudan privileges such as legal immunity. In May 1994 to amend
the constitution, rules supreme head of state must accept and Suggestions
according to the government in the course of their duty. In January 2005,
parliament passed constitutional amendment bill again, decided to the states of
water management for transaction management and cultural heritage over the
central government.
parliament
Also known as congress, the
supreme legislative body. Consists of the house of lords and the house of
Commons, the house of Commons seats 222, members of a five-year term. This
session of congress on 12th March 2008, after a national election. Array of countries, led by umno,
with 137 seats, an unprecedented losing two-thirds parliamentary majority. The
opposition won 81 seats, of which the democratic action party 28 seats, 23
seats islamic party, the people's justice party, 30 seats from the array of
sabah progressive party 2 seats, socialist party 1 seats in Malaysia, as well
as independents 1 seats. The speaker of the house of Commons for sundance bandy
amin, office on April 28, 2008. Senate has 70
members, elected by parliament in 13 states each 2, the remaining 44 recommended
by supreme head of state, according to the cabinet appointed, elected for a
term of three years, can serve as only two terms. King,
chairman of the house of lords is datuk wong on July 7, 2009, was sworn in as.
conclusion
Every country has
its own unique customs and culture custom, we can not wear colored glasses to
look at each other, we're sincere to accept, to understand each other's
cultures, promote friendship between the two sides of development and progress,
create more good foreign environment. Only in this way can
we grow in peace and quiet environment, efforts to learn, enjoy peace brings me
the happiness of life.
Informztion:
http://baike.baidu.com/view/7009.htm
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